Pandemic vs Endemic vs Epidemic

 Pandemic vs Endemic vs Epidemic

What is Pandemic

A disease outbreak occurs when the number of instances of an illness exceeds usual expectations. The number of instances varies depending on the disease-causing substance, as well as the size and nature of past and current exposure.

Infections spread by person-to-person contact, animal-to-person contact, the environment, or other media are the most common causes of disease outbreaks. Outbreaks can also arise as a result of chemical or radioactive material exposure.

What is Endemic

Endemic refers to a disease or infectious agent's continual presence and/or normal prevalence in a population within a geographic area. The term "hyperendemic" refers to disease occurrence that is persistently high. Occasionally, the level of sickness in a community exceeds what is predicted.

What is Epidemic

A change in the ecology of the host population (e.g., higher stress or increased density of a vector species), a genetic mutation in the pathogen reservoir, or the introduction of an emerging pathogen to a host population are all common causes of infectious disease epidemics (by movement of pathogen or host). In general, an epidemic arises when host tolerance to an established pathogen or a newly developing novel pathogen is unexpectedly decreased below the endemic equilibrium and the transmission threshold is exceeded.